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Leech Neurobiology Research

  1. Iwasaki T, Chen J, Friesen WO (2014) Biological clockwork underlying adaptive rhythmic movements. PNAS 111:978-983 (Full Text)
  2. Mullins OJ, Friesen WO (2012) The brain matters: Effects of descending signals on motor control. J Neurophysiol. 107:2730-41 (Full Text)
  3. Chen J, Friesen WO, Iwasaki T (2012) Mechanisms underlying rhythmic locomotion: interactions between activation, tension and body curvature waves. J Exp Biol 215:211-219 (Full Text)
  4. Mullins OJ, Brodfuehrer PD, Jusufović S, Hackett JT, Friesen WO (2012) Specialized brain regions and sensory inputs that control locomotion in leeches. J Comp Physiol A 198: 97-108 (Full Text)
  5. Friesen, WO, Mullins OJ, Xiao, R, Hackett, JT (2011) Positive feedback loops sustain repeating bursts in neuronal circuits. J Biol Physics 37:317-334 (Full Text)
  6. Chen J, Tian J, Iwasaki T, Friesen WO (2011) Mechanisms underlying rhythmic locomotion: dynamics of muscle activation. J Exp Biol 214:1955-1964 (Full Text)
  7. Chen J, Friesen WO, Iwasaki T (2011) Mechanisms underlying rhythmic locomotion: body-fluid interaction in undulatory swimming. J Exp Biol 214:561-574 (Full Text)
  8. Mullins OJ, Hackett, JT, Friesen, WO (2011) Local-distributed integration by a novel neuron ensures rapid initiation of animal locomotion. J Neurophysiol 105:130–144 (Full Text))
  9. Tian J, Iwasaki T, Friesen WO (2010) Analysis of impulse adaptation in motoneurons. J Comp Physiol A 196:123-136 (Full Text)
  10. Tian J, Iwasaki T, Friesen WO. (2007) Muscle function in animal movement: Passive mechanical properties of leech muscle. J Comp Physiol 193:1205-1219 (Full Text)
  11. Fan RJ, Friesen WO (2006) Morphological and physiological characterization of stretch receptors in leeches. J Comp Neurol 494:290-302 (Full Text)
  12. Fan RJ, Marin-Burgin, A, French, KA, Friesen WO (2005) A dye mixture (Neurobiotin and Alexa 488) reveals extensive dye-coupling among neurons in leeches; physiology confirms the connections. J Comp Physiol 191:1157-1171(Full Text)
  13. Yu X, Friesen WO (2004) Entrainment of leech swimming activity by the ventral stretch receptor. J Comp Physiol A 190:939-949 (Full Text)
  14. Cang J, Friesen WO (2002) Model for intersegmental coordination of leech swimming: Central and sensory mechanisms. J Neurophysiol 87:2760-2769 (Full Text)
  15. Cang J, Yu X, Friesen WO (2001) Sensory Modification of Leech Swimming: Interactions between Ventral Stretch Receptors and Swim-related Neurons. J Comp Physiol A 187: 569-579 (Full Text)
  16. Friesen WO, Hocker CG. (2001) Functional analyses of the leech swim oscillator. J Neurophysiol 86:824-835 (Full Text)
  17. Hocker CG, Yu X, Friesen WO (2000) Functionally heterogeneous segmental oscillators generate swimming movements in the medicinal leech. J Comp Physiol 186:871-883 (Full Text)
  18. Cang J, Friesen WO (2000) Sensory modification of leech swimming: Rhythmic activity of ventral stretch receptors can change intersegmental phase relationships. J Neurosci 20:7822-7829 (Full Text)
  19. Yu X, Nguyen B, Friesen WO (1999) Sensory Feedback Can Coordinate the Swimming Activity of the Leech. J Neurosci 19:4634-4643 (Full Text)
  20. O'Gara BA, Friesen WO (1995) Termination of leech swimming activity by a previously identified swim trigger neuron. J Comp Physiol 177:627-636 (Full Text)
  21. Mangan PS, Cometa AK, Friesen WO (1994) Modulation of swimming behavior in the medicinal leech. IV. Serotonin-induced alterations of synaptic interactions between neurons of the swim circuit, J Comp Physiol 175:723-736 (Full Text)
  22. Mangan PS, Curran GA, Hurney CA, Friesen WO (1994) Modulation of swimming behavior in the medicinal leech. III. Control of cellular properties in motor neurons by serotonin, J Comp Physiol 175:709-722 (Abstract) (Full Text)
  23. Angstadt JD, Friesen WO (1993) Modulation of swimming behavior in the medicinal leech. I. Effects of serotonin on the electrical properties of swim-gating cell 204. J. Comp Physiol. A 59:223-234 (Abstract)
  24. Angstadt JD, Friesen WO (1993) Modulation of swimming behavior in the medicinal leech. II. Ionic conductances underlying serotonergic modulation of swim-gating cell 204. J. Comp Physiol. A 59:235-248 (Abstract)
  25. Gray RA, Friesen WO (1993) Identification of leech neurons using a resonance technique. Proceedings of the Computation and Neural Systems Meeting, San Francisco (Full Text)
  26. Brodfuehrer PD, Kogelnik AM, Friesen WO, Cohen AH (1993) Effect of the tail ganglion on swimming activity in the leech. Behav Neural Biol 59:162-166 (Abstract)
  27. O'Gara BA, Chae H, Latham LB, Friesen WO (1991) Modification of leech behavior patterns by reserpine-induced amine depletion. J Neurosci 11:96-110 (Full Text)
  28. Angstadt JD, Friesen WO (1991) Synchronized oscillatory activity in leech neurons induced by calcium channel blockers. J Neurophysiol 66:1858-1873 (Full Text)
  29. Friesen WO (1989) Neuronal control of leech swimming movements. I. Inhibitory interactions between motor neurons. J Comp Physiol A 166:195-203 (Abstract)
  30. Friesen WO (1989) Neuronal control of leech swimming movements. II. Motor neuron feedback to oscillator cells 115 and 28. J Comp Physiol A 166:205-215 (Abstract)
  31. Hashemzadeh-Gargari H, Friesen WO (1989) Modulation of swimming activity in the medicinal leech by serotonin and octopamine. Comp Biochem Physiol 94C:295-302 (Abstract)
  32. Pearce RA, Friesen WO (1988) A model for intersegmental coordination in the leech nerve cord. Biol Cybernetics 58:301-311 (Full Text)
  33. Debski EA, Friesen WO (1987) Intracellular stimulation of sensory cells elicits swimming activity in the medical leech. J Comp Physiol A 160:447-457 (Abstract)
  34. Nusbaum MP, Friesen WO, Kristan WB Jr, Pearce RA (1987) Neural mechanisms generating the leech swimming rhythm: Swim-initiator neurons excite the network of swim oscillator neurons. J Comp Physiol A 161:355-366 (Abstract)
  35. Brodfuehrer PD, Friesen WO (1986) Control of leech swimming activity by cephalic ganglia. J Neurobiol 17:697-705 (Full Text)
  36. Brodfuehrer PD, Friesen WO (1986) Initiation of swimming activity by trigger neurons in the leech subesophageal ganglion. I. Output pathways of Tr1 and Tr2. J Comp Physiol 159:485-502 (Abstract)
  37. Brodfuehrer PD, Friesen WO (1986) Initiation of swimming activity by trigger neurons in the leech subesophageal ganglion. II. Role of segmental swim-initiating interneurons. J Comp Physiol A 159:503-510 (Abstract)
  38. Brodfuehrer PD, Friesen WO (1986) Initiation of swimming activity by trigger neurons in the leech subesophageal ganglion. III. Sensory inputs to Tr1 and Tr2. J Comp Physiol A 159:511-519 (Abstract)
  39. Brodfuehrer PD, Friesen WO (1986) From stimulation to undulation: An identified pathway for the control of swimming activity in the leech. Science 234:1002-1004 (Abstract)
  40. Debski EA, Friesen WO (1986) The role of central interneurons in the habituation of swimming activity in the medicinal leech. J Neurophysiol 55:977-994 (Full Text)
  41. Debski EA, Friesen WO (1985) Habituation of swimming activity in the medicinal leech. J Exp Biol 116:169-188 (Abstract)
  42. Friesen W (1985) Neuronal control of leech swimming movements: interactions between cell 60 and previously described oscillator neurons. J Comp Physiol A 156:231-242 (Abstract)
  43. Granzow BL, Friesen WO, Kristan WB Jr (1985) Physiological and morphological analysis of synaptic transmission between leech motor neurons. J Neurosci 5:2035-2050 (Full Text)
  44. Pearce RA, Friesen WO (1985) Intersegmental coordination of the leech swimming rhythm. I. Intrinsic period gradient and coupling strength. J Neurophysiol 54:1444-1459 (Full Text)
  45. Pearce RA, Friesen WO (1985) Intersegmental coordination of the leech swimming rhythm. II. Comparison of long and short chains of ganglia. J Neurophysiol 54:1460-1472 (Full Text)
  46. Brodfuehrer PD, Friesen WO (1984) A sensory system initiating swimming activity in the medical leech. J Exp Biol 108:341-355 (Full Text)
  47. Pearce RA, Friesen WO (1984) Intersegmental coordination of leech swimming: comparison of in situ and isolated nerve cord activity with body wall movement. Brain Res 299:363-366  (Full Text)
  48. Phillips CE, Friesen, WO (1982) Ultrastructure of the water-movement-sensitive sensilla in the medicinal leech. J Neurobiol 13:473-486 (Full Text)
  49. DeRosa YS, Friesen WO (1981) Morphology of leech sensilla: observations with the scanning electron microscope. Biol Bull 160:383-393 (Abstract) (Full Text)
  50. Young SR, Dedwylder RD II, Friesen WO (1981) Responses of the medicinal leech to water waves. J Comp Physiol 144:111-116 (Abstract)
  51. Friesen WO (1981) Physiology of water motion detection in the medicinal leech. J Exp Biol 92:255-275 (Full Text)
  52. Stent GS, Kristan WB Jr, Friesen WO, Ort CA, Poon M, Calabrese RL (1978) Neuronal generation of the leech swimming movement. Science 200:1348-1357  (Full Text)
  53. Poon M, Friesen WO, Stent GS (1978) Neuronal control of swimming in the medicinal leech: V. Connexions between oscillatory interneurons and the motor neurones. J Exp Biol 75:45-63 (Full Text)
  54. Friesen WO, Poon ML, Stent GS (1978) Neuronal control of swimming in the medicinal leech: IV. Identification of a network of oscillatory interneurones. J Exp Biol 75:25-43 (Full Text)
  55. Friesen WO, Poon ML, Stent GS (1976) An oscillatory neural circuit generating a locomotory rhythm. Proc Nat Acad Sci 73:3734-3738 (Full Text)
  56. Friesen WO, Stent GS (1977) Generation of a locomotory rhythm by a neural network with recurrent cyclic inhibition. Biol Cybernetics 28:27-40 (Full Text)